Facts on Latinos in the USA [Pew research center]

Facts on Latinos in the U.S.

There were 63.7 million Hispanics living in the United States in 2022, accounting for 19% of the total U.S. population – up from just 7% in 1980.

See below fact sheets on the diverse populations that make up this group, with roots in Latin America, plus Spain.

Hispanic population in the U.S., 2000-2021

U.S. born:

Foreign born:

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Figures greater than 1 million are rounded to the nearest 100,000; other figures greater than 100,000 are rounded to the nearest 10,000; figures that are less than or equal to 100,000 and greater than 25,000 are rounded to the nearest 5,000.Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2000 census (5% IPUMS) and the 2010 and 2021 American Community Surveys (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Top 10 U.S. metropolitan areas

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Figures greater than 1 million are rounded to the nearest 100,000; other figures greater than 100,000 are rounded to the nearest 10,000; figures that are less than or equal to 100,000 and greater than 25,000 are rounded to the nearest 5,000. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Length of time in the U.S.

0 to 10 years

More than 10 years

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Figures might not sum to 100% due to rounding. Changes in the wording of the Hispanic origin question in the 2000 decennial census may have led to an undercount of some Hispanic origin groups in that year. For more, see https://www.pewresearch.org/hispanic/2002/05/09/counting-the-other-hispanics/. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2000 census (5% IPUMS) and the 2010 and 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

English proficiency

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Proficient English speakers are those who speak only English at home or speak English at least “very well.” Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Educational attainment

High school or less

Some college

Bachelor’s degree or more.

Note: Hispanics are of any race. “High school” includes persons who have attained a high school diploma or its equivalent, such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate. “Some college” includes those who have an associate degree and those who attended college but did not obtain a bachelor’s degree. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Poverty status

Note: Hispanics are of any race. Poverty status is determined for individuals in housing units and noninstitutional group quarters. The poverty universe excludes children under age 15 who are not related to the householder, people living in institutional group quarters and people living in college dormitories or military barracks. Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2021 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Methodology

Pew Research Center’s fact sheets on U.S. Latinos and the accompanying blog post examine the Latino population of the United States overall and by its 17 largest origin groups – Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Salvadorans, Dominicans, Cubans, Guatemalans, Colombians, Hondurans, Spaniards, Ecuadorians, Peruvians, Venezuelans, Nicaraguans, Argentines, Panamanians, Chileans and Costa Ricans. These sheets provide detailed geographic, demographic and economic characteristics for all Latinos and for each Latino origin group. They are based on the Center’s tabulations of the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2010 and 2021 American Community Survey (ACS) and the 2000 U.S. decennial census.

The ACS is the largest household survey in the United States, with a sample of more than 3 million addresses. It covers the topics previously covered in the long form of the decennial census. The ACS is designed to provide estimates of the size and characteristics of the resident population, which includes persons living in households and group quarters. For more about the ACS, including the sampling strategy and associated error, see the 2010 or 2021 American Community Survey’s Accuracy of the Data document provided by the Census Bureau.

The specific data sources for these fact sheets are the 1% samples of the 2010 and 2021 ACS Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) provided by the University of Minnesota and the 5% sample of the 2000 decennial census. IPUMS assigns uniform codes, to the extent possible, to data collected by the decennial census and the ACS from 1850 to 2021. For more information about IPUMS, including variable definition and sampling error, please visit the “IPUMS Documentation and User Guide.”

Due to differences in the way in which IPUMS and Census Bureau adjust income data and assign poverty status, data provided on these topics might differ from data that are provided by the Census Bureau.

For the purposes of these fact sheets, the foreign born include those persons who identified as naturalized citizens or noncitizens and are living in the 50 states or the District of Columbia. Persons born in Puerto Rico and other outlying territories of the U.S. and who are now living in the 50 states or D.C. are included in the U.S.-born population.